QR Code Size Guide: Minimum Dimensions for Every Use (2025)

The minimum QR code size is 2 × 2 cm (0.8 × 0.8 inches) for handheld scanning, but the right size depends on your scanning distance, code complexity, and print quality. A billboard needs a much larger code than a business card. A dense code with lots of data needs more space than a simple URL.

This guide covers QR code sizing for every scenario, from business cards to billboards.

The 10:1 Scanning Distance Rule

The fundamental principle: your QR code should be at least 1/10th the scanning distance.

Formula:

Minimum QR Size = Scanning Distance ÷ 10

Examples:

• Scanning from 30cm (12 inches) → Minimum 3cm code
• Scanning from 1 meter (3 feet) → Minimum 10cm code
• Scanning from 10 meters (30 feet) → Minimum 100cm (1 meter) code

This is a minimum. For reliable scanning—especially in variable lighting or with dense codes—use a 6:1 or 5:1 ratio.

Minimum QR Code Sizes by Use Case

Factors That Affect Scanability

1. Code Complexity (Data Density)

More data = denser pattern = harder to scan at small sizes.

2. Error Correction Level

QR codes use error correction to remain scannable even when damaged. Higher error correction = more redundant data = more complex pattern.

For standard use, Level M is the default and works well. Use Level H only if the code will be printed on surfaces prone to damage.

3. Print Quality

Print resolution affects minimum size:

4. Surface Material

Size Calculations for Common Scenarios

Business Cards

Standard business card: 3.5 × 2 inches (89 × 51 mm)

Constraints:

• Limited space
• Handheld scanning (15-30cm)
• Need to fit with other content

Recommendation:

• Minimum: 0.6 × 0.6 inches (15 × 15 mm)
• Ideal: 0.8 × 0.8 inches (20 × 20 mm)
• Maximum: 1.2 × 1.2 inches (30 × 30 mm)

Pro tip: Use a vCard QR code with minimal fields to keep the code simple. A lean vCard scans reliably at smaller sizes.

Restaurant Table Tents

Typical table tent: 4 × 6 inches visible area

Constraints:

• Scanning from seated position (45-60cm)
• Often in low light
• Diners may not hold steady

Recommendation:

• Minimum: 2.5cm (1 inch)
• Ideal: 4-5cm (1.5-2 inches)

Pro tip: Use dynamic codes for restaurant menus so you can update without reprinting.

Event Posters (A3/Tabloid)

Poster size: 11 × 17 inches (A3)

Constraints:

• Viewed from 1-3 meters
• Needs to be scannable while walking by
• Competes with other visual elements

Recommendation:

• Minimum: 8cm (3 inches)
• Ideal: 10-15cm (4-6 inches)

Product Packaging

Constraints vary by package size:

Billboards and Large Format

For large-scale outdoor advertising:

Calculation method:

1. Estimate typical viewing distance
2. Apply 10:1 rule
3. Add 20-30% margin for outdoor conditions
4. Account for driving speed (moving observers need larger codes)

The Quiet Zone Requirement

The quiet zone is the blank border around your QR code. It's not optional—without adequate quiet zone, codes may not scan.

Minimum quiet zone: 4 modules wide

"Modules" are the individual squares that make up the QR code. Four modules means the white border should be at least as wide as 4 of those small squares.

Common mistakes:

• Cropping the code to remove white space
• Placing design elements against the code edge
• Putting codes on busy backgrounds without separation

Testing Your QR Code Size

Before committing to a final design or large print run:

Test Protocol

1. Print at actual size (not scaled on screen)
2. Scan from expected distance (not held right up to the code)
3. Test in realistic lighting (not just bright office lights)
4. Use multiple devices (iPhone, Android, different models)
5. Try the minimum distance (where would someone realistically scan from?)

Red Flags

• Takes multiple attempts to scan
• Only works from specific angles
• Fails on some phones but works on others
• Requires holding very steady

Quick Reference: Size by Application

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the absolute minimum QR code size?

About 1cm × 1cm (0.4 inches) for low-density codes scanned at very close range (under 15cm). However, we recommend 2cm × 2cm as the practical minimum for most use cases. Smaller sizes risk scanning failures, especially with denser codes or variable lighting.

Does QR code data affect the minimum size?

Yes. More data creates a denser pattern with smaller modules. A simple short URL creates a cleaner code than a vCard with 10 fields. For the same physical size, simpler codes scan more reliably. Increase size by 20-50% for data-heavy codes.

Why won't my QR code scan even though it's the right size?

Common causes beyond size: insufficient contrast (colors too similar), damaged quiet zone (white border), glare from glossy surface, code distorted by curved surface, or print quality issues causing blurred edges. Test with multiple phones and lighting conditions.

How do I calculate QR code size for a specific distance?

Use the 10:1 rule: divide scanning distance by 10 for minimum size. For a 2-meter scanning distance, minimum QR code size is 20cm. For more reliable scanning, use 7:1 or 6:1 ratio. Always test at actual distance before final production.

Should I make my QR code as large as possible?

Not necessarily. Extremely large QR codes can look awkward and may not fit the design. Size appropriately for your expected scanning distance plus a margin. A code larger than needed doesn't scan better—it just takes up more space.

What size for a QR code on a coffee cup?

For a coffee cup (typically held at 20-30cm for scanning), minimum 2cm × 2cm. Consider the curved surface—you may need slightly larger (2.5cm) to compensate for distortion. Always test on actual cups before bulk ordering.

Summary

QR code sizing is about matching your code to its scanning environment. The 10:1 rule gives you a starting point, but real-world factors—code complexity, print quality, lighting, and surface material—require adjustment.

Key takeaways:

• Minimum practical size: 2cm × 2cm for handheld scanning
• Use the 10:1 rule: QR size = scanning distance ÷ 10
• Add 20-30% for safety margin, dense codes, or challenging conditions
• Always test at actual size and distance before printing

Ready to create your QR code? Generate one free and test it at your intended print size before committing to production.